【考试咨询】浙江教师招聘交流群:287234887|微信公众号:浙江招教|
浙江教师招考公告|浙江教师历年真题|32学院免费课程|面授班级
一、词是最小的能独立运用的语法单位。按词在造句中不同作用分出来的类别称为词类。一般把词分为实词和虚词两大类。实词是指含有实际意义的词,包括:名词、动词、形容词、数词、代词。虚词是指没有实际意义的词,包括:副词、介词、连词、感叹词和拟声词。
二、词类的确定。代词、介词、连词及感叹词比较容易确定,因为每类仅有十几个词。在多数情况下无需看上下文即可确定he为代词,against为介词,because为连词,oh为感叹词。确定一个词的词类是掌握语法的第一步。为了确定每个词的词类,我们必须了解一个词在特定句子中的特定作用。同样一个词在两个或更多个句子中,可以有两个或更多个不同的作用,因而就可属于两个或更多词汇。
如:You must answer me.(动词)
Give me an answer.(名词)
He went down.(副词)
He went down the ladder.(介词)
That is the right way.(形容词)
He has guessed it right.(副词)
When did he do it?(副词)
I was ill when he called.(连词)
He drank cold water.(形容词)
He caught a cold.(名词)
一个词有时略加改变即可转变为另一个词类,
如:He is honest.(形容词)
I doubt his honesty.(名词)
He is a very proud businessman.(形容词)
He spoke proudly to everyone.(副词)
You have hurt his pride.(名词)
He is a fool.(名词)
You are talking with a foolish fellow.(形容词)
He has done it foolishly.(副词)
注:本站稿件未经许可不得转载,转载请保留出处及源文件地址
相关推荐