强调句型

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在英语中提到强调句型时，通常指的是“It be…that…”这一结构。

(1)强调句型的用法

It is/was…who/that结构通常用来突出强调句子的某一成分（一般是主语、宾语或状语）。在这个句型中,it没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其他成分，则一律用that来连接。

如：It is my mother who/that cooks every day.

It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam.

(2)定语从句（或名词性从句）和强调句型的区别

某些定语从句（或名词性从句）和强调句型形式差不多，容易混淆。

如果去掉It is/was…that结构框架后句子仍然成立通顺，则为强调句型；不成立不通顺。则为定语从句或名词性从句。

如：It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study.

去掉It was…that…，句子为：

如：Three years ago he went to America for a further study.

句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型。

(3)使用本句型的几个注意事项

①强调句型可以强调主语、宾语、时间状语和地点状语等。若要强调谓语，用助动词do。

②强调句型中的连接词that不能省去，当主语是人或者宾语是人时可以用who，whom代替that，且who，whom也不能省去；其余成分均用that。被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who。

如：It was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about.

③被强调成分是主语，who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。

如：It is I who am right.

It is he who is wrong.

It is the students who are lovely.

④强调句型中的时态一般只用两种，即一般现在时和一般过去时，若原句的动词为一般过去时、过去完成时及过去进行时，就用It was+被强调部分+that+其他部分。若原句的动词是其他时态时，使用It is +被强调成分+that+其他部分。

⑤被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格；是作宾珊的代词，用宾格。

如：It was he that helped me yesterday.

It was me that he helped yesterday.

⑥可以强调以not…until…引导的时间状语

“It is (was) not. until+被强调部分+that+其他部分”句型表示“正是直到……才…”。

如：It was not until the operation was over that he and the other doctors left.

他和其他医生等手术做完后才离开。

It was not until yesterday that learned it. 直到昨天我才知道这件事．

注意：在强调句型中只用until，不用till，且由于that前已有否定词not，故that后的句子要用肯定式。